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Microbial Diversity of Bacteria Involved in Biomineralization Processes in Mine-Impacted Freshwaters

TitoloMicrobial Diversity of Bacteria Involved in Biomineralization Processes in Mine-Impacted Freshwaters
Tipo di pubblicazioneArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Anno di Pubblicazione2021
AutoriPaganin, P., Alisi Chiara, Dore E., Fancello D., Marras P.A., Medas D., Montereali Maria Rita, Naitza S., Rigonat N., Sprocati A.R., Tasso Flavia, Vacca S., and De Giudici G.
RivistaFrontiers in Microbiology
Volume12
ISSN1664302X
Parole chiaveActinobacteria, article, bioinformatics, Biomineralization, Bioremediation, Desulfovibrionaceae, DNA extraction, geochemical analysis, heavy metal, high throughput sequencing, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, Methanosarcina, Microbial diversity, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, Pollution, prediction, Proteobacteria, RNA 16S, Scanning electron microscopy, sulfate reducing bacterium, sulfide, X ray diffraction
Abstract

In order to increase the knowledge about geo-bio interactions in extreme metal-polluted mine waters, we combined microbiological, mineralogical, and geochemical analyses to study the indigenous sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) involved in the heavy metal (HM) biomineralization processes occurring in Iglesiente and Arburese districts (SW Sardinia, Italy). Anaerobic cultures from sediments of two different mining-affected streams of this regional framework were enriched and analyzed by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique, showing sequences closely related to SRB classified in taxa typical of environments with high concentrations of metals (Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfosporosinus). Nevertheless, the most abundant genera found in our samples did not belong to the traditional SRB groups (i.e., Rahnella, Acinetobacter). The bio-precipitation process mediated by these selected cultures was assessed by anaerobic batch tests performed with polluted river water showing a dramatic (more than 97%) Zn decrease. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the occurrence of Zn sulfide with tubular morphology, suggesting a bacteria-mediated bio-precipitation. The inocula represent two distinct communities of microorganisms, each adapted to peculiar environmental conditions. However, both the communities were able to use pollutants in their metabolism and tolerating HMs by detoxification mechanisms. The Zn precipitation mediated by the different enriched cultures suggests that SRB inocula selected in this study have great potentialities for the development of biotechnological techniques to reduce contaminant dispersion and for metal recovery. Copyright © 2021 Paganin, Alisi, Dore, Fancello, Marras, Medas, Montereali, Naitza, Rigonat, Sprocati, Tasso, Vacca and De Giudici.

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URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85120716660&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2021.778199&partnerID=40&md5=5010eae510cc1cc22430c1620e717a63
DOI10.3389/fmicb.2021.778199
Citation KeyPaganin2021