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Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein: A key marker of functional regulatory T cells

TitoloGlucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein: A key marker of functional regulatory T cells
Tipo di pubblicazioneArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Anno di Pubblicazione2015
AutoriRonchetti, Simona, Ricci Erika, Petrillo Maria Grazia, Cari Luigi, Migliorati Graziella, Nocentini Giuseppe, and Riccardi Carlo
RivistaJournal of Immunology Research
Volume2015
Type of ArticleReview
ISSN23148861
Parole chiaveanimal, Animals, autoimmune disease, biological marker, Biomarkers, CD25+ T lymphocyte, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ T lymphocyte, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, cytology, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, dendritic cell, glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor, Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related Protein, human, Humans, immunology, interleukin 10, interleukin 2, lymphocyte activation, lymphocyte differentiation, memory T lymphocyte, metabolism, Mice, mouse, nonhuman, protein expression, Regulatory, regulatory T lymphocyte, review, solid tumor, T lymphocyte activation, T-Lymphocytes, Tnfrsf18 protein, transcription factor FOXP3, transforming growth factor beta
Abstract

Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR, TNFRSF18, and CD357) is expressed at high levels in activated T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this review, we present data from mouse and human studies suggesting that GITR is a crucial player in the differentiation of thymic Tregs (tTregs), and expansion of both tTregs and peripheral Tregs (pTregs). The role of GITR in Treg expansion is confirmed by the association of GITR expression with markers of memory T cells. In this context, it is not surprising that GITR appears to be a marker of active Tregs, as suggested by the association of GITR expression with other markers of Treg activation or cytokines with suppressive activity (e.g., IL-10 and TGF-β), the presence of GITR+ cells in tissues where Tregs are active (e.g., solid tumours), or functional studies on Tregs. Furthermore, some Treg subsets including Tr1 cells express either low or no classical Treg markers (e.g., FoxP3 and CD25) and do express GITR. Therefore, when evaluating changes in the number of Tregs in human diseases, GITR expression must be evaluated. Moreover, GITR should be considered as a marker for isolating Tregs. © 2015 Simona Ronchetti et al.

Note

Cited by: 105; All Open Access, Gold Open Access, Green Open Access

URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928777722&doi=10.1155%2f2015%2f171520&partnerID=40&md5=8dfde5e9df56fa084d6ddd4ecccc308b
DOI10.1155/2015/171520
Citation KeyRonchetti2015
PubMed ID25961057