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Bioethanol production from steam-pretreated corn stover through an isomerase mediated process

TitleBioethanol production from steam-pretreated corn stover through an isomerase mediated process
Publication TypeArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Year of Publication2014
AuthorsDe Bari, I, Cuna Daniela, Di Matteo V., and Liuzzi F.
JournalNEW BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume31
Pagination185-195
ISSN18716784
KeywordsAgricultural by-products, Agricultural wastes, alcohol, alcohol production, article, Bio-ethanol production, Bioethanol, biofuels, Biomass, biomass production, biotransformation, calcium ion, carbohydrate, carbon, carbon source, cellulose, Cellulose and hemicellulose, Chemical analysis, Detoxification, Enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme activity, enzyme immobilization, Ethanol, Fermentation, Glucose, glycerol, hemicellulose, Hemicellulose hydrolysates, Hydrolysis, inhibition kinetics, Inoculation, Inoculum concentrations, isomerase, Isomerases, Isomerization, Lignocellulosic hydrolysates, Maize, Metal ions, microwave radiation, Moisture, nonhuman, pH, polymerization, Polysaccharides, priority journal, protein hydrolysate, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Steam, Streptomyces, Sugar substitutes, suspension, Synergistic inhibition, Water soluble fraction, Water vapor, xylitol, xylose, xylulose, Yeast, Zea mays
Abstract

Agricultural by-products such as corn stover are considered strategic raw materials for the production of second-generation bioethanol from renewable and non-food sources. This paper describes the conversion of steam-pretreated corn stover to ethanol utilising a multi-step process including enzymatic hydrolysis, isomerisation, and fermentation of mixed hydrolysates with native Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An immobilised isomerase enzyme was used for the xylose isomerisation along with high concentrations of S. cerevisiae. The objective was to assess the extent of simultaneity of the various conversion steps, through a detailed analysis of process time courses, and to test this process scheme for the conversion of lignocellulosic hydrolysates containing several inhibitors of the isomerase enzyme (e.g. metal ions, xylitol and glycerol).The process was tested on two types of hydrolysate after acid-catalysed steam pretreatment: (a) the water soluble fraction (WSF) in which xylose was the largest carbon source and (b) the entire slurry, containing both cellulose and hemicellulose carbohydrates, in which glucose predominated.The results indicated that the ethanol concentration rose when the inoculum concentration was increased in the range 10-75g/L. However, when xylose was the largest carbon source, the metabolic yields were higher than 0.51gethanol/gconsumed sugars probably due to the use of yeast internal cellular resources. This phenomenon was not observed in the fermentation of mixed hydrolysates obtained from the entire pretreated product and in which glucose was the largest carbon source. The ethanol yield from biomass suspensions with dry matter (DM) concentrations of 11-12% (w/v) was 70% based on total sugars (glucose, xylose, galactose). The results suggest that xylulose uptake was more effective in mixed hydrolysates containing glucose levels similar to, or higher than, xylose.Analysis of the factors that limit isomerase activity in lignocellulosic hydrolysates excluded any inhibition due to residual calcium ions after the detoxification of the hemicellulose hydrolysates with Ca(OH)2. By contrast, most of the enzyme activity ceased during the fermentation of the entire slurry after steam explosion, probably due to synergistic inhibition effects of various fermentation co-products. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.

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URLhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893639073&partnerID=40&md5=d51698b6ab4b2ccd4853ccaca5ebecb8
DOI10.1016/j.nbt.2013.12.003
Citation Key 20.500.12079_2859