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Coexistence of nitrifying, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a sequencing batch reactor

TitleCoexistence of nitrifying, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a sequencing batch reactor
Publication TypeArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Year of Publication2014
AuthorsLangone, Michela, Yan J., Haaijer S.C.M., Camp H.J.M. Op den, Jetten M.S.M., and Andreottola G.
JournalFrontiers in Microbiology
Volume5
ISSN1664302X
KeywordsAmino Acid Sequence, Ammonia, ammonia oxidizing bacterium, amplicon, anaerobic metabolism, anammox bacterium, article, denitrification, denitrifying bacterium, DNA extraction, DNA sequence, genomic DNA, microbial activity, molecular cloning, nitrate, nitrifying bacterium, nitrite, nitrite reductase, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, pH, phylogenetic tree, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA 16S, RNA gene, Sequence Alignment, Sequencing batch reactor, sludge treatment, unindexed sequence
Abstract

Elevated nitrogen removal efficiencies from ammonium-rich wastewaters have been demonstrated by several applications, that combine nitritation and anammox processes. Denitrification will occur simultaneously when organic carbon is also present. In this study, the activity of aerobic ammonia oxidizing, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a full scale sequencing batch reactor, treating digester supernatants, was studied by means of batch-assays. AOB and anammox activities were maximum at pH of 8.0 and 7.8-8.0, respectively. Short term effect of nitrite on anammox activity was studied, showing nitrite up to 42 mg/L did not result in inhibition. Both denitrification via nitrate and nitrite were measured. To reduce nitrite-oxidizing activity, high NH3-N (1.9-10 mg NH3-N/L) and low nitrite (3-8 mg TNN/L) are required conditions during the whole SBR cycle. Molecular analysis showed the nitritation-anammox sludge harbored a high microbial diversity, where each microorganism has a specific role. Using ammonia monooxygenase a-subunit (amoA) gene as a marker, our analyses suggested different macro- and micro-environments in the reactor strongly affect the AOB community, allowing the development of different AOB species, such as N. europaea/eutropha and N. oligotropha groups, which improve the stability of nitritation process. A specific PCR primer set, used to target the 16S rRNA gene of anammox bacteria, confirmed the presence of the "Ca. Brocadia fulgida" type, able to grow in presence of organic matter and to tolerate high nitrite concentrations. The diversity of denitrifiers was assessed by using dissimilatory nitrite reductase (nirS) gene-based analyses, who showed denitifiers were related to different betaproteobacterial genera, such as Thauera, Pseudomonas, Dechloromonas and Aromatoleum, able to assist in forming microbial aggregates. Concerning possible secondary processes, no n-damo bacteria were found while NOB from the genus Nitrobacter was detected. © 2014 Langone, Yan, Haaijer, Op den Camp, Jetten and Andreottola.

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URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897634301&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2014.00028&partnerID=40&md5=443a7bc7100f447957667b53a46c7401
DOI10.3389/fmicb.2014.00028
Citation KeyLangone2014