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The "one-out, all-out" principle entails the risk of imposing unnecessary restoration costs: A study case in two Mediterranean coastal lakes

TitleThe "one-out, all-out" principle entails the risk of imposing unnecessary restoration costs: A study case in two Mediterranean coastal lakes
Publication TypeArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Year of Publication2014
AuthorsPrato, Susanna, La Valle P., De Luca E., Lattanzi L., Migliore Giada, Morgana Josè Giancarlo, Munari C., Nicoletti L., Izzo G., and Mistri M.
JournalMarine Pollution Bulletin
Volume80
Pagination30-40
ISSN0025326X
KeywordsAquatic Organisms, article, Biodiversity, Biological quality elements, coastal lagoon, community ecology, cost control, Costs and Cost Analysis, ecological approach, Ecological status, ecosystem, ecosystem restoration, environmental economics, Environmental monitoring, environmental policy, environmental protection, Environmental regulations, Environmental Remediation, Environmental status, European Countries, Italy, lake, lake Caprolace, lake ecosystem, lake Fogliano, Lakes, law, Laws and legislation, legislative implementation, Macrobenthic community, macrobenthos, marine policy, Mediterranean Sea, one out all out principle, Restoration, Restoration costs, restoration ecology, risk, Risk assessment, seagrass, seashore, Transitional waters, Tyrrhenian Sea, Water conservation, Water Framework Directive, Water Framework Directives, Water Pollutants
Abstract

The Water Framework Directive uses the "one-out, all-out" principle in assessing water bodies (i.e., the worst status of the elements used in the assessment determines the final status of the water body). In this study, we assessed the ecological status of two coastal lakes in Italy. Indices for all biological quality elements used in transitional waters from the Italian legislation and other European countries were employed and compared. Based on our analyses, the two lakes require restoration, despite the lush harbor seagrass beds, articulated macrobenthic communities and rich fish fauna. The "one-out, all-out" principle tends to inflate Type I errors, i.e., concludes that a water body is below the "good" status even if the water body actually has a "good" status. This may cause additional restoration costs where they are not necessarily needed. The results from this study strongly support the need for alternative approaches to the "one-out, all-out" principle. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.

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URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84896399005&doi=10.1016%2fj.marpolbul.2014.01.054&partnerID=40&md5=6fd5fc1907ad2f521957ea2d3a7d73f2
DOI10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.054
Citation KeyPrato201430