Agriculture is facing the negative impacts of global warming, is changing, and has already changed in some regions of the world. As anticipated by the scientists, continuous and intensive anthropogenic activities have determined a strong increase in GHG emissions, which in turn can be considered as majorly responsible for climate changes. As a result, higher temperatures, numerous and more intense rainfall, longer drought periods, and dangerous floods are more and more frequent, and, at the same time, we are observing the loss of biodiversity as well as the advance of novel pests and diseases. Importantly, while agriculture and food production are strongly affected by climate change; on the other side, agriculture played and continues to play a key role in generating harmful GHG emissions (particularly CO[[inf]]2[[/inf]], CH[[inf]]4[[/inf]] and N[[inf]]2[[/inf]]O, etc.). Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a novel farming kind which is resilient to climate change, generates lower GHG emissions than traditional agriculture, and has the potential to sustain farmers in increasing crop yield and food production. By adopting CSA methods and strategies, producers could increase sustainability and agricultural activity, together with their income, while both mitigating and adapting to climate changes. In this chapter, the benefits and the techniques of CSA will be reported and discussed, with an attempt to delineate a possible alternative sustainable future of agriculture. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.